Reference articles on history, science, culture and more
Surprise meSurprise meSubscribe
Encyclopedia

Sustainable Experience Architecture

Motor vehicle platform

Wikipedia contributorsAdapted for Fathomly · View authors
3 min read
Source updated September 9, 2026
Image credit is listed at the end of this article.

The Sustainable Experience Architecture (SEA; Chinese: 浩瀚; pinyin: Hàohàn) platform is a modular electric vehicle platform developed by Zeekr Technology Europe (previously China Euro Vehicle Technology), a company based in Gothenburg, Sweden within Geely Automobile Holdings group of companies. The platform is used in Geely Holding portfolio brands along with the Smart joint venture with Mercedes-Benz Group.

Geely refers the SEA platform as "open-source," meaning the manufacturer is open to supply the platform to other automakers. Geely Holding has claimed it has entered into preliminary discussions with other manufacturers about potential use of the SEA platform.

01Overview

The SEA platform is more of an architecture that unifies multiple platforms covering almost all vehicle types. The platform consists of several different core versions covering a variety of market segments with different marketing names:

  • SEA1 (previously PMA1,the Pure electric Modular Architecture) for E-segment executive cars with wheelbase of 3,000 mm to 3,019 mm.
  • SEA2 (previously PMA2) for D-segment compact executive cars with wheelbase of 2,900 mm.
  • SEA3 (or PMA2+) for enhanced intelligent hardware platform targeting at support for urban navigation-assisted driving systems
  • SEA-E (SEA Entry) for C-segment compact cars with wheelbase of 2,750 mm.
  • SEA-S (previously EPA for Electric Premium Architecture) for S sports cars
  • SEA-R for high-end full-size PHEV models.
  • SEA-MAP for 1 and 2 tonnes pickup trucks.
  • SEA-M for autonomous electric vehicles.
  • SEA-C (SEA Commercial) for commercial vehicles between 3.5 and 5.5 tonnes, including trucks, vans, and buses.
  • SOA (Space Oriented Architecture)
  • GBRC (Global Battery Rapid Change), variant of SEA platform, for battery swappable rear-motor, rear-wheel-drive or front-engine, rear-motor hybrid vehicle.

Each core platform will further be available in several different variants such as front, rear, and all-wheel drive, as well as single, double, and triple motor configurations. Performance is expected to be competitive, with support for both 400V and 800V architectures, fast charging, and 0-60 acceleration times as low as three seconds.

The predecessor of SEA platform is Geely's pure electric vehicle platform PMA. According to Geely's plan for the SEA architecture, the PMA platform was split into two variants in the later phase with the PMA1, now renamed SEA1, used in medium and large vehicles such as the Zeekr 001, and PMA2, now renamed SEA2, used in small and compact vehicles such as Smart #1.

The first model based on the SEA architecture is the Zeekr 001, unveiled on 23 September 2019 as the Lynk & Co Zero Concept, and is being launched in 2021.

SEA OS is the software component of the SEA platform.

On 5 September 2021, Geely and Mercedes-Benz Group announced the Smart Concept #1 based on SEA, and due in 2022.

Jidu Auto, a joint venture between Geely and Baidu, intends to use SEA for a full portfolio of vehicles in different segments, starting in 2022.

02Vehicles

SEA1/PMA1

SEA2/PMA2

SEA3/PMA2+

SEA-S/EPA(Electric Premium Architecture)

SEA-R

SEA-M

SEA-MAP

SOA

The Space Oriented Architecture (SOA) platform, alternatively Geely Electric Architecture is a derivative of SEA

GBRC

The Global Battery Rapid Change platform, variant of SEA platform, is for battery swappable rear-motor, rear-wheel-drive or front-engine, rear-motor hybrid vehicle.

Watch videos about Sustainable Experience ArchitectureExplainers and documentaries on YouTube (opens in a new tab)

Sources and credits

This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “Sustainable Experience Architecture”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.

Images, from Wikimedia Commons:

Fathomly is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation. Spotted a problem? Tell us.

Continue exploring

Related topics

Scalable Product Architecture platform

The Scalable Product Architecture platform is a global, full-size, unibody automobile platform developed by Volvo Cars, and applied by multiple brands of its parent company Geely, which has been produced over three generations. It debuted in 2014 when the second-generation Volvo XC90 was released.

Global Intelligent New Energy Architecture platform

The GEA is an automobile modular platform developed by Geely, unveiled in 2024, and designed to integrate technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI), high-performance electrification, and smart connectivity. According to Geely, the GEA platform is the world's first architecture to integrate hardware, software, ecosystems, and AI into a unified system.

Compact Modular Architecture

The Compact Modular Architecture is a global mid-size unibody automobile platform, developed by China Euro Vehicle Technology AB (CEVT), a Swedish subsidiary to Geely. Development began in 2013 with the goal of producing a highly flexible vehicle platform.