C with bar
Additional letter of the Latin alphabet
Ꞓ, minuscule: ꞓ, is a modified letter of the Latin script, formed from C with the addition of a bar. It was used in the final version of the Unified Northern Alphabet, approved in 1932 for Saami, Selkup, Khanty, Evenki, Even, Nanai, Udege, Chukchi, Koryak and Nivkh languages to denote the sound [t͡ʃ], although in some of these languages in practice, several other alphabets were used. Also, this letter was used in the Latinized Shugnan alphabet (1931-1939) to denote the sound [t͡s].
The United States Federal Geographic Data Committee uses the capital Ꞓ to represent the Cambrian Period in geologic history. In phonetic transcription, the lowercase ꞓ may denote a voiceless palatal fricative (IPA: [ç]), and in 1963, it was proposed as a symbol for a voiceless flat postalveolar fricative [ɻ̊˔] by William A. Smalley.
In 19th-century American English dictionaries such as those by Noah Webster and William Holmes McGuffey, the letter was used to denote ⟨c⟩ pronounced as /k/.
In the old-fashioned Rousselot-Gilliéron phonetic notation, at the beginning of the 20th century, letter ꞓ used to represent the English sh-sound and the IPA [ʃ] sound.
01Computer encoding
Its Unicode codepoints are U+A792 Ꞓ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH BAR and U+A793 ꞓ LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH BAR.
| Preview | Ꞓ | ꞓ | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unicode name | LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH BAR | LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH BAR | ||
| Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex |
| Unicode | 42898 | U+A792 | 42899 | U+A793 |
| UTF-8 | 234 158 146 | EA 9E 92 | 234 158 147 | EA 9E 93 |
| Numeric character reference | Ꞓ | Ꞓ | ꞓ | ꞓ |
Sources and credits
This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “C with bar”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.
Images, from Wikimedia Commons:
- Latin letter C with bar.svg by Person or Persons Unknown, CC BY-SA 4.0
- Pointed letters in Webster’s American dictionary of the English language, 1828.png by Noah Webster, Public domain
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