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I (kana)

Character of the Japanese writing system

I ( in hiragana or in katakana) is one of the Japanese kana each of which represents one mora. い is based on the sōsho style of the kanji character 以, and イ is from the radical (left part) of the kanji character 伊. In the modern Japanese system of sound order, it occupies the second position of the mora chart, between and . Additionally, it is the first letter in Iroha, before ろ. Both represent the sound [i]. In the Ainu language, katakana イ is written as y in their Latin-based mora chart, and a small ィ after another katakana represents a diphthong.

Form Rōmaji Hiragana Katakana
Normal a/i/u/e/o
(あ行 a-gyō)
i
ii, yi
ī
いい, いぃ
いー
イイ, イィ
イー
Other additional forms
Form (y-)
Rōmaji Hiragana Katakana
yi いぃ イィ
ye いぇ イェ

01Variant forms

Like other vowels, scaled-down versions of the kana (ぃ, ィ) are used to express sounds foreign to the Japanese language, such as フィ (fi). In some Okinawan writing systems, a small ぃ is also combined with the kana く (ku) and ふ to form the digraphs くぃ kwi and ふぃ hwi respectively, although the Ryukyu University system uses the kana ゐ/ヰ instead.

Stroke order in writing い
Stroke order in writing い

02Origin

い comes from the left part of the Kanji 以, while イ originates from the left part of the Kanji 伊. An alternate form - 𛀆, based on the full cursive form of 以 is one of the most common hentaigana, as it merged with い late in the development of modern Japanese writing.

Stroke order in writing イ
Stroke order in writing イ

03Stroke order

The Hiragana い is made in two strokes:

  1. At the top left, a curved vertical stroke, ending with a hook at the bottom.
  2. At the top right, a shorter stroke, slightly curving in the opposite direction.

The Katakana イ is made in two strokes:

  1. At the top, a curved diagonal line going from right to left.
  2. In the center of the last stroke, a vertical line going down.
Stroke order in writing い
Stroke order in writing い

04Other communicative representations

  • Full Braille representation
い / イ in Japanese Braille
い / イ
i
いい / イー
ī
+い / +ー
chōon*

* When lengthening "-i" or "-e" morae in Japanese braille, a chōon is always used, as is standard in katakana orthography, instead of adding the い / イ kana.

Character information
Preview
Unicode name HIRAGANA LETTER I KATAKANA LETTER I HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER I CIRCLED KATAKANA I
Encodingsdecimalhexdechexdechexdechex
Unicode12356U+304412452U+30A465394U+FF7213009U+32D1
UTF-8227 129 132E3 81 84227 130 164E3 82 A4239 189 178EF BD B2227 139 145E3 8B 91
Numeric character referenceいいイイイイ㋑㋑
Shift JIS130 16282 A2131 6783 43178B2
EUC-JP164 164A4 A4165 164A5 A4142 1788E B2
GB 18030164 164A4 A4165 164A5 A4132 49 151 5284 31 97 34129 57 209 5581 39 D1 37
EUC-KR / UHC170 164AA A4171 164AB A4
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)198 168C6 A8198 251C6 FB
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)198 234C6 EA199 126C7 7E
Character information
Preview
Unicode name HIRAGANA LETTER SMALL I KATAKANA LETTER SMALL I HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER SMALL I
Encodingsdecimalhexdechexdechex
Unicode12355U+304312451U+30A365384U+FF68
UTF-8227 129 131E3 81 83227 130 163E3 82 A3239 189 168EF BD A8
Numeric character referenceぃぃィィィィ
Shift JIS130 16182 A1131 6683 42168A8
EUC-JP164 163A4 A3165 163A5 A3142 1688E A8
GB 18030164 163A4 A3165 163A5 A3132 49 150 5284 31 96 34
EUC-KR / UHC170 163AA A3171 163AB A3
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)198 167C6 A7198 250C6 FA
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)198 233C6 E9199 125C7 7D
Stroke order in writing イ
Stroke order in writing イ
Watch videos about I (kana)Explainers and documentaries on YouTube (opens in a new tab)

Sources and credits

This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article I (kana), written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.

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