System on module
Board-level circuit that integrates a system function in a single module
A system on a module (SoM) is a board-level circuit that integrates a system function in a single module. It may integrate digital and analog functions on a single board. A typical application is in the area of embedded systems. Unlike a single-board computer, a SoM serves a special function like a system on a chip (SoC). The devices integrated in the SoM typically require a high level of interconnection for reasons such as speed, timing, bus width, etc. There are benefits in building a SoM, as for SoC; one notable result is to reduce the cost of the base board or the main PCB. Two other major advantages of SoMs are design-reuse and that they can be integrated into many embedded computer applications.
01History
The acronym SoM has its roots in the blade-based modules. In the mid-1980s, when VMEbus blades used M-Modules, these were commonly referred to as system On a module (SoM). These SoMs performed specific functions such as compute functions and data acquisition functions. SoMs were used extensively by Sun Microsystems, Motorola, Xerox, DEC, and IBM in their blade computers.
02Design
A typical SoM consists of:
- at least one microcontroller, microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) core
- multiprocessor systems-on-chip (MPSoCs) have more than one processor core
- memory blocks including a selection of ROM, RAM, EEPROM and/or flash memory
- timing sources
- industry standard communication interfaces such as USB, FireWire, Ethernet, USART, SPI, I²C
- peripherals including counter-timers, real-time timers and power-on reset generators
- analog interfaces including analog-to-digital converters and digital-to-analog converters
- voltage regulators and power management circuits
Sources and credits
This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “System on module”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.
Images, from Wikimedia Commons:
- ARMSoCBlockDiagram.svg by en:User:Cburnett, CC BY-SA 3.0
- SOMblk.png by Jamesm7, CC BY-SA 4.0
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