Reference articles on history, science, culture and more
Encyclopedia

PSTricks

PSTricks is a set of macros that allow the inclusion of PostScript drawings directly inside TeX or LaTeX source code. It was originally written by Timothy Van Zandt and has been maintained in recent years by Denis Girou, Sebastian Rahtz and Herbert Voss (de).

01Basic usage

There is a wide array of commands available for making graphics. Coordinates in PSTricks are always represented in parentheses, as the following example (scaled) illustrates:

\begin{pspicture}(5,5) %% Triangle in red: \pspolygon[linecolor=red](1,1)(5,1)(1,4) %% Bezier curve in green: \pscurve[linecolor=green,linewidth=2pt,% showpoints=true](5,5)(3,2)(4,4)(2,3) %% Circle in blue with radius 1: \pscircle[linecolor=blue,linestyle=dashed](3,2.5){1} \end{pspicture}
PSTricks example (scaled)
PSTricks example (scaled)
Plotting sin(x) with pst-plot
Plotting sin(x) with pst-plot

02Extensions

PSTricks commands are low level, so many LaTeX packages have been made in order to ease the creation of several kinds of graphics that are commonly used on mathematical typesetting.

pst-plot provides commands for creating function graphs.

Consider the following example:

\begin{pspicture*}(-7,-2)(7,2) \psaxes[labels=none](0,0)(-7,-2)(7,2) % sets up axis \psplot[linecolor=blue, linewidth=1.5pt]% % plots the sinewave {-7}{7}{x 0.01745329252 div sin} % notice the RPN expression \uput[45](3.1415926,0){$\pi$} % these are the labels \uput[90](-1.570796,0){$-\pi/2$} % \uput is a box positioned at [angle] \uput[-90](1.570796,0){$\pi/2$} % relative to (x,y) coordinate \uput[-135](-3.1415926,0){$-\pi$} % and putting { content } on the box \psline[linewidth=1pt,linecolor=red,linestyle=dotted]% % red dotted lines (1.57079632,1)(1.57079632,0) \psline[linewidth=1pt,linecolor=red,linestyle=dotted]% (-1.57079632,-1)(-1.57079632,0) \end{pspicture*}

The previous example also illustrate that TeX commands can be used as elements into the pictures. Since PostScript uses RPN style for mathematical operations, the argument to pst-plot must be supplied in the same form. An alternative is to use the optional argument algebraic, then the formula can be described as an algebraic expression.

pstricks-add extends pst-plot enabling also polar graphs and allowing the use algebraic notation for plots instead of RPN.

pst-math provides trigonometric functions in radians (since PostScript defaults to using degrees) and hyperbolic trigonometric functions.

pst-3dplot is used for creating 3D graphics like the following:

multido provides basic loop functionality for programming graphs with repeating elements:

pst-eucl is a beta extension for easy creation of geometrical drawings.

There are many other extensions, for drawing Circuit diagrams, barcodes, graphs, trees, visualizing data, etc.

Hyperbolic paraboloid drawn using PSTricks package pst-3dplot
Hyperbolic paraboloid drawn using PSTricks package pst-3dplot

03Compatibility

PSTricks is only fully compatible with TeX systems using PostScript intermediates, including but not limited to eTeX and others. However, it is not compatible with the widely used pdfTeX engine in PDF mode. As pdfTeX is the default engine in most current installations, users of PSTricks must either force pdfTeX to DVI mode or use auto-pst-pdf. PGF/TikZ is an alternative to PSTricks that is compatible with pdfTeX.

Plotting a graph while varying parameters with multido
Plotting a graph while varying parameters with multido

04Software which supports PSTricks output

Circumcircle of a triangle, illustrated with pst-eucl
Circumcircle of a triangle, illustrated with pst-eucl
Watch videos about PSTricksExplainers and documentaries on YouTube (opens in a new tab)

Sources and credits

This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article PSTricks, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.

Images, from Wikimedia Commons:

Fathomly is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation. Spotted a problem? Tell us.