Peace Implementation Council

The Peace Implementation Council (PIC) is an international body charged with implementing the Dayton Peace Agreement for Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). The Council was established at an implementation conference held in London, United Kingdom, on 8-9 December 1995, subsequent to the completion of the negotiations of the accord the preceding month. The Council is, in effect, the realisation of the international community's governance of BiH after signature of the Dayton Agreement, through the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, which it appoints. The international control over BiH is to last until the country is deemed politically and democratically stable and self-sustainable.

The PIC comprises 55 countries and agencies that support the peace process in many different ways by assisting it financially, providing troops for EUFOR Althea, or directly running operations in BiH. There is also a fluctuating number of observers.

Since the London conference, the PIC has come together at the ministerial level another six times to review progress and define the goals of peace implementation for the coming period: in June 1996 in Florence, Italy; in December 1996 for a second time in London; in December 1997 in Bonn, Germany; in December 1998 in Madrid, Spain, in May 2000 and February 2007 in Brussels, Belgium.

The PIC clarifies the responsibilities of the High Representative as the main implementing body of the civilian part of the Dayton Agreement, as set out in Annex 10 the Dayton Agreement. For example, the 1997 Bonn session provided the Office of the High Representative with the so-called "Bonn authority" to dismiss elected and non-elected officials who obstruct the implementation of the Dayton Agreement. The High Representative from 2006-2007, Christian Schwarz-Schilling, used that power sparingly to promote confidence in elected domestic government. That strategy was reversed by the new appointee to that post, Miroslav Lajčák, who imposed several decisions on his first day in office.