Minyanka language
Senufo language spoken in Mali
Minyanka (also known as Mamara, Miniyanka, Minya, Mianka, Minianka, or Tupiire) is a northern Senufo language spoken by about 750,000 people in southeastern Mali. It is closely related to Supyire. Minyanka is one of the national languages of Mali.
01Phonology
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Labio- velar |
Pharyn- geal |
Glottal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| plain | lab. | pal. | plain | pal. | |||||||
| Nasal | m | mʷ | mʲ | n | ɲ | ŋ | ŋ͡m | ||||
| Plosive | voiceless | p | pʷ | pʲ | t | c | k | kʲ | k͡p | ʔ | |
| voiced | b | bʷ | d | ɟ | ɡ | ɡʲ | ɡ͡b | ||||
| prenasal | ᵐb | ⁿd | ᶮɟ | ᵑɡ | |||||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f | fʷ | fʲ | s | ʃ | (h) | ||||
| voiced | v | z | ʒ | (ʕ) | (ɦ) | ||||||
| Rhotic | r | ||||||||||
| Approximant | l | j | w | wʲ | |||||||
- A pharyngeal fricative [ʕ] is also typically heard when in between vowels, or as an allophone of /ɡ/ when in intervocalic position.
- Glottal sounds [h, ɦ] are only heard in the Bla dialect, instead of labio-velar sounds /k͡p, ɡ͡b, ŋ͡m/.
- Sounds /k, ɡ/ can also be heard as fricatives [x, ɣ] when in intervocalic positions.
Vowels
- /u/ can also be heard as [y] when in the position of /j/.
- /o/ can also be heard as [œ] when before a glottal /ʔ/.
Sources and credits
This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “Minyanka language”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.
Images, from Wikimedia Commons:
- Mamara language.png by Mark Dingemanse, CC BY 2.0
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