Generic and specific intervals
In diatonic set theory, a generic interval is the number of scale steps between notes of a collection or scale. The largest generic interval is one less than the number of scale members. (Johnson 2003, p.26)
A specific interval is the clockwise distance between pitch classes on the chromatic circle (interval class), in other words the number of half steps between notes. The largest specific interval is one less than the number of "chromatic" pitches. In twelve tone equal temperament the largest specific interval is 11. (Johnson 2003, p.26)
In the diatonic collection the generic interval is one less than the corresponding diatonic interval:
The largest generic interval in the diatonic scale being 7 − 1 = 6.
01Myhill's property
Myhill's property is the quality of musical scales or collections with exactly two specific intervals for every generic interval, and thus also have the properties of cardinality equals variety, structure implies multiplicity, and being a well-formed generated collection. In other words, each generic interval can be made from one of two possible different specific intervals. For example, there are major or minor and perfect or augmented/diminished variants of all the diatonic intervals:
| Diatonic interval |
Generic interval |
Diatonic intervals |
Specific intervals |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2nd | 1 | m2 and M2 | 1 and 2 |
| 3rd | 2 | m3 and M3 | 3 and 4 |
| 4th | 3 | P4 and A4 | 5 and 6 |
| 5th | 4 | d5 and P5 | 6 and 7 |
| 6th | 5 | m6 and M6 | 8 and 9 |
| 7th | 6 | m7 and M7 | 10 and 11 |
The diatonic and pentatonic collections possess Myhill's property. The concept appears to have been first described by John Clough and Gerald Myerson and named after their associate the mathematician John Myhill. (Johnson 2003, p. 106, 158)
Sources and credits
This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “Generic and specific intervals”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.
Images, from Wikimedia Commons:
- Maximal evenness seconds.png by Created by Hyacinth (talk) 21:55, 29 March 2011 (UTC) using Sibelius 5., CC BY-SA 3.0
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