Chord diagram (information visualization)
Graphical method for displaying the inter-relationships between a set of entities
A chord diagram is a graphical method of displaying the inter-relationships between data in a matrix. The data are arranged radially around a circle with the relationships between the data points typically drawn as arcs connecting the data.
The format can be aesthetically pleasing, making it a popular choice in the world of data visualization.
The primary use of chord diagrams is to show the flows or connections between several entities (called nodes). Each entity is represented by a fragment (often colored or pattered) along the circumference of the circle. Arcs are drawn between entities to show flows (and exchanges in economics). The thickness of the arc is proportional to the significance of the flow.
01Name
Chord diagrams get their name from terminology used in geometry. A chord of a circle is a geometric line segment whose endpoints both lie on the circle. Chord diagrams are also known as radial network diagrams and may sometimes be referred to as a type of circular layout.
02Hierarchical edge bundling
While a small amount of data could be represented in a circular diagram using straight lines to show the interconnections, a diagram featuring numerous lines would quickly become illegible. To reduce the visual complexity, chord diagrams employ a technique called hierarchical edge bundling.
03Common usages
Chord diagrams are useful for showing relationships between entities and their relative magnitudes in comparison to alternative arcs. As a result, chord diagrams are popular in migration studies, economic flows, and genome studies. They have also been used to highlight unexplored relationships to help address the problem of filter bubbles.
Sources and credits
This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “Chord diagram (information visualization)”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.
Images, from Wikimedia Commons:
- Wikiviz datatelling WikiGlobalReach1.png by Jen Lowe, CC BY-SA 3.0
- Cumulative electricity trade 2015–2065 among African countries, reference scenario (Pappis et al 2022).png by Pappis, Ioannis, Vignesh Sridharan, Mark Howells, Hrvoje Medarac, Ioannis Kougias, Rocío González Sánchez, Abhishek Shivakumar, Will Usher, CC BY 4.0
Fathomly is not affiliated with or endorsed by the Wikimedia Foundation. Spotted a problem? Tell us.