Battle of Chanderi
Babur's invasion of Chanderi (1528)
The Battle of Chanderi or Siege of Chanderi (1528) took place in the aftermath of the Battle of Khanwa in which the Mughal Emperor Babur had defeated the Rajput Confederacy and firmly establish Mughal rule while crushing regrowing Rajput powers as the battle was fought for supremacy of Northern India between Rajputs and Mughals.
01Background
On receiving news that Rana Sanga had renewed war preparations to renew the conflict with him, Babur decided to isolate the Rana by inflicting a military defeat on one of his vassals Medini Rai who was the ruler of Malwa. Consequently, in December 1527, taking a circumlocution route Babur marched to the fortress of Chanderi in Malwa which was the capital of the kingdom of Malwa.
02Battle
Upon reaching Chanderi, on 20 January 1528, Babur offered Shamsabad to Medini Rai in exchange for Chanderi as a peace overture but the offer was rejected by Rai. The outer fortress of Chanderi was taken by Babur's army at night, and the next morning the upper fort was captured. Babur expressed surprise that the upper fort had fallen within an hour of the final assault.
Medini Rai organized the Jauhar ceremony during which Rajput women and children committed self-immolation to save their honour from the Mughals. A small number of soldiers also collected in Medini Rai's house and proceeded to slay each other in collective suicide. This sacrifice does not seem to have impressed Babur who did not express any admiration for it in his autobiography. Rather, as he had done after Khanwa, he ordered a tower of skulls (a practice formulated by Timur against opponents), to be erected. According to Satish Chandra, this practice was to record a monumental victory and terrorize opponents, Babur had earlier used the same tactic against the Afghans of Bajaur.
Sources and credits
This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “Battle of Chanderi”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.
Images, from Wikimedia Commons:
- 1528 Chanderi fort-large.jpg by La'l and Durga, Public domain
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