Fullscreen (aspect ratio)
Aspect ratio of 4:3
Fullscreen (or full screen) refers to the 4:3 (1.33:1) aspect ratio of early standard television screens and computer monitors. Widescreen ratios started to become more popular in the late 2000s and early 2010s.
Film originally created in the 4:3 aspect ratio does not need to be altered for full-screen release. In contrast, other aspect ratios can be converted to full screen using techniques such as pan and scan, open matte or reframing. In pan and scan, the 4:3 image is extracted from within the original frame by cropping the sides of the film. In open matte, the 4:3 image is extracted from parts of the original negative which were shot but not intended to be used for the theatrical release. In reframing, elements within the image are repositioned. Reframing is used for entirely CG movies, where the elements can be easily moved.
01History
Full-screen aspect ratios in standard television have been in use since the invention of moving picture cameras. Early computer monitors employed the same aspect ratio. The aspect ratio 4:3 was used for 35 mm films in the silent era. It is also very close to the 1.375:1 Academy ratio, defined by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences as a standard after the advent of optical sound-on-film. By having TV match this aspect ratio, movies originally photographed on 35 mm film could be satisfactorily viewed on TV in the early days of television (i.e. the 1940s and the 1950s). When cinema attendance dropped, Hollywood created widescreen aspect ratios (such as 1.85:1) in order to differentiate the film industry from TV. However, at the turn of the 21st century, broadcasters worldwide began phasing out the 4:3 standard entirely and manufacturers started to favor the 16:9 aspect ratio for modern high-definition television sets, broadcast cameras and computer monitors.
02List of video resolutions
| Standard | Resolution | Pixels (Mpx) |
|---|---|---|
| VGA | 640×480 | 0.3072 Mpx |
| PAL (4:3) | 768×576 | 0.442368 Mpx |
| SVGA | 800×600 | 0.48 Mpx |
| 1000-Width (4:3) / Early XGA | 1000×750 | 0.75 Mpx |
| XGA | 1024×768 | 0.786432 Mpx |
| XGA+ | 1152×864 | 0.995328 Mpx |
| SXGA- | 1280×960 | 1.2288 Mpx |
| SXGA+ | 1400×1050 | 1.47 Mpx |
| HDV 1080i | 1440×1080 | 1.5552 Mpx |
| QPAL | 1536×1152 | 1.769472 Mpx |
| UXGA | 1600×1200 | 1.92 Mpx |
| Fullscreen 2K | 1920×1440 | 2.7648 Mpx |
| 2000-Width (4:3) / Early QXGA | 2000×1500 | 3 Mpx |
| QXGA | 2048×1536 | 3.145728 Mpx |
| QSXGA- | 2560×1920 | 4.9152 Mpx |
| QSXGA+ | 2800×2100 | 5.88 Mpx |
| QUXGA | 3200×2400 | 7.68 Mpx |
Sources and credits
This article is adapted from the Wikipedia article “Fullscreen (aspect ratio)”, written by its contributors and licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. Fathomly has changed the layout, removed citation markers, navigation and maintenance notices, and adjusted punctuation. This adapted version is shared under the same license. For references, see the original article.
Images, from Wikimedia Commons:
- Aspect-ratio-4x3.svg by Original: Tanya sanderson Optimization: feedmepaperr, Public domain
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